The way your feet move with each step affects how they absorb impact and support your body. Supination describes the outward rolling motion that shifts weight toward the outer edge of the foot with each step. Some supination is normal, especially as the foot becomes firmer to push off the ground. Problems develop when the foot stays too far toward its outer edge instead of distributing pressure more evenly. Excessive supination, also called underpronation, reduces shock absorption and places extra stress on certain areas. People with high arches are more likely to have this pattern, although arch height alone does not establish a diagnosis.

Foot structure plays an important role in excessive supination. An inherited high arch or a rigid foot sometimes limits the movement that helps absorb impact. Muscle imbalances and previous ankle injuries also affect how weight moves through the foot. In some patients, nerve or muscle disorders contribute to changes in foot position. Symptoms include pain along the outside of the foot, heel discomfort, or repeated ankle sprains. Some people develop painful calluses where pressure builds against the skin. Repeated stress also increases the risk of small cracks in a bone, called stress fractures. Persistent discomfort should not be dismissed as ordinary fatigue.

A podiatrist evaluates supination by asking about symptoms and examining the feet while the patient stands and walks. This assessment reveals how the heel moves and where weight travels with each step. The exam also checks out joint flexibility, muscle strength, and ankle stability. Looking at shoe wear provides additional clues, but worn outer edges alone do not confirm excessive supination. A podiatrist also considers previous injuries and any changes in sensation. X-rays help identify bone alignment problems or suspected injuries when the examination points to these concerns. Identifying the underlying cause helps guide treatment that matches the patient's foot structure and symptoms.

Treatment focuses on relieving pressure and improving support. A podiatrist recommends shoes with cushioning suited to the patient's foot shape and walking pattern. Prescribed orthotics, which are inserts specifically designed for the patient’s feet, help redistribute pressure and support more comfortable movement. Patients with repeated ankle sprains sometimes benefit from a prescribed brace. A podiatrist also treats related problems, including painful calluses or stress injuries, and monitors the response to care. Follow-up visits allow adjustments when symptoms persist or activity demands change. If you have symptoms of  excessive supination, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact David Lambarski, DPM from Northeast Foot Care. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Amsterdam and Clifton Park, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Congenital foot problems are differences in the structure, function, or appearance of a child’s foot that are present at birth. These deformities can range from mild to severe and may affect mobility as a child grows. They can involve the bones, muscles, or tendons of the foot. Common examples include clubfoot, webbed toes, and cleft foot. Clubfoot causes the foot to point downward and inward. Webbed toes occur when two or more toes are joined by skin, tissue, or bone. Some congenital foot deformities develop because of genetic factors, while others may be related to development or positioning in the womb.

The effects of congenital foot deformities vary depending on the type and severity. Diagnosis often begins with a physical examination after birth, although certain deformities can be identified during a prenatal ultrasound. Imaging may also be used to examine the bones and joints. Some children have little or no difficulty with walking, while other conditions can interfere with comfortable movement. Clubfoot may affect one or both feet and can cause long-term mobility problems without treatment. Cleft foot is a rare deformity that creates an abnormal split in the middle of the foot and may involve missing toes.  

A podiatrist can evaluate a child’s foot structure and help determine how a congenital deformity may affect movement and development. Treatment depends on the specific condition and its severity. Orthotic devices, specialized footwear, or other professional care may be recommended to improve alignment and function. Some children may require surgery when a deformity significantly affects mobility or comfort. Early evaluation can help create an appropriate treatment plan as the child grows and their needs change. The goal of care is to support comfortable walking. If your child has a congenital foot problem that may be affecting movement or development, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

Congenital foot problems require immediate attention to avoid future complications. If you have any concerns, contact David Lambarski, DPM of Northeast Foot Care. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Congenital foot problems are deformities affecting the feet, toes, and/or ankles that children are born with. Some of these conditions have a genetic cause while others just happen. Some specific foot ailments that children may be born with include clubfeet, polydactyly/macrodactyly, and cleft foot. There are several other foot anomalies that can occur congenitally. What all of these conditions have in common is that a child may experience difficulty walking or performing everyday activities, as well as trouble finding footwear that fits their foot deformity. Some of these conditions are more serious than others. Consulting with a podiatrist as early as possible will help in properly diagnosing a child’s foot condition while getting the necessary treatment underway.

What are Causes of Congenital Foot Problem?

A congenital foot problem is one that happens to a child at birth. These conditions can be caused by a genetic predisposition, developmental or positional abnormalities during gestation, or with no known cause.

What are Symptoms of Congenital Foot Problems?

Symptoms vary by the congenital condition. Symptoms may consist of the following:

• Clubfoot, where tendons are shortened, bones are shaped differently, and the Achilles tendon is tight, causing the foot to point in and down. It is also possible for the soles of the feet to face each other.
• Polydactyly, which usually consists of a nubbin or small lump of tissue without a bone, a toe that is partially formed but has no joints, or an extra toe.
• Vertical talus, where the talus bone forms in the wrong position causing other bones in the foot to line up improperly, the front of the foot to point up, and the bottom of the foot to stiffen, with no arch, and to curve out.
• Tarsal coalition, when there is an abnormal connection of two or more bones in the foot leading to severe, rigid flatfoot.
• Cleft foot, where there are missing toes, a V-shaped cleft, and other anatomical differences.
• Macrodactyly, when the toes are abnormally large due to overgrowth of the underlying bone or soft tissue.

Treatment and Prevention

While there is nothing one can do to prevent congenital foot problems, raising awareness and receiving neonatal screenings are important. Early detection by taking your child to a podiatrist leads to the best outcome possible.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Amsterdam and Clifton Park, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Ankle fusion surgery is used to join the bones of a damaged ankle joint so they heal into one stable connection. This procedure is also called ankle arthrodesis. The goal is to reduce severe pain and improve stability when an ankle has become badly damaged. Fusion does not restore normal ankle motion, but it can make walking more comfortable by removing painful movement. This surgery is generally considered when other treatments have not provided enough relief.

Ankle arthritis is a common reason for fusion surgery. It can develop after an injury, repeated stress, or years of joint wear. Severe joint damage from inflammatory arthritis or previous fractures may also cause ongoing pain. Symptoms include ankle stiffness, swelling, and pain while walking. A podiatrist or podiatric surgeon will evaluate the ankle and use imaging tests to determine whether fusion is appropriate.

There are two main approaches to ankle fusion. Open ankle fusion uses an incision that allows the surgeon to directly access the joint, remove damaged cartilage, and prepare the bones for healing. Arthroscopic ankle fusion uses a camera and specialized instruments through smaller incisions. The surgeon removes damaged cartilage and positions the bones so they can fuse together. The choice depends on joint damage, anatomy, and the podiatric surgeon's assessment. Screws or other fixation devices may be used to hold the bones securely while they heal.

After surgery, careful protection of the ankle is important. A podiatrist may prescribe a cast or boot and provide instructions for limiting weight on the surgical foot. Follow-up visits and imaging tests help monitor bone healing and alignment. Pain management and incision care are also part of recovery. The podiatrist will explain when it is safe to gradually increase activity. If you have ankle pain that may require ankle fusion surgery, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can determine if this type of surgery is right for you.

Foot surgery is sometimes necessary to treat a foot ailment. To learn more, contact David Lambarski, DPM of Northeast Foot Care. Our doctor will assist you with all of your foot and ankle needs.

When Is Surgery Necessary?

Foot and ankle surgery is generally reserved for cases in which less invasive, conservative procedures have failed to alleviate the problem. Some of the cases in which surgery may be necessary include:

• Removing foot deformities like bunions and bone spurs
• Severe arthritis that has caused bone issues
• Cosmetic reconstruction

What Types of Surgery Are There?

The type of surgery you receive will depend on the nature of the problem you have. Some of the possible surgeries include:

• Bunionectomy for painful bunions
• Surgical fusion for realignment of bones
• Neuropathy decompression surgery to treat nerve damage

Benefits of Surgery

Although surgery is usually a last resort, it can provide more complete pain relief compared to non-surgical methods and may allow you to finally resume full activity.

Surgical techniques have also become increasingly sophisticated. Techniques like endoscopic surgery allow for smaller incisions and faster recovery times.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Amsterdam and Clifton Park, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Morton’s neuroma develops when tissue surrounding a nerve in the ball of the foot becomes thickened and irritated. It usually affects the area between the third and fourth toes, although it can develop between other toes. The condition can cause burning pain, tingling, or numbness in the ball of the foot and toes. Some patients describe the feeling as having a small pebble inside the shoe. Pain can become more noticeable when walking or placing pressure on the front of the foot. Wearing tight shoes and high heels can squeeze the toes together and place added pressure on the irritated nerve.

Several factors can contribute to Morton’s neuroma. Foot structure can affect how pressure is distributed across the front of the foot. Flat feet, high arches, and bunions can increase stress in this area. Activities that repeatedly place pressure on the ball of the foot can also irritate the nerve. A podiatrist can examine the painful area and evaluate how the foot moves when walking. X-rays can help rule out other problems, including arthritis or a stress fracture. Ultrasounds or other digital imaging can provide a closer look at the soft tissues when the diagnosis is uncertain.

Treatment from a podiatrist focuses on reducing pressure around the affected nerve and relieving pain. Custom orthotics can improve foot support and redistribute pressure away from the painful area. A podiatrist can also recommend changes in shoe style and fit to provide more room across the toes. Persistent or severe symptoms may require surgery to remove damaged nerve tissue or release structures that are placing pressure on it. Treatment depends on the location and severity of the problem. If you have symptoms of Morton's neuroma, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Morton’s neuroma is a very uncomfortable condition to live with. If you think you have Morton’s neuroma, contact David Lambarski, DPM of Northeast Foot Care. Our doctor will attend to all of your foot care needs and answer any of your related questions.  

Morton’s Neuroma

Morton's neuroma is a painful foot condition that commonly affects the areas between the second and third or third and fourth toe, although other areas of the foot are also susceptible. Morton’s neuroma is caused by an inflamed nerve in the foot that is being squeezed and aggravated by surrounding bones.

What Increases the Chances of Having Morton’s Neuroma?

• Ill-fitting high heels or shoes that add pressure to the toe or foot
• Jogging, running or any sport that involves constant impact to the foot
• Flat feet, bunions, and any other foot deformities

Morton’s neuroma is a very treatable condition. Orthotics and shoe inserts can often be used to alleviate the pain on the forefront of the feet. In more severe cases, corticosteroids can also be prescribed. In order to figure out the best treatment for your neuroma, it’s recommended to seek the care of a podiatrist who can diagnose your condition and provide different treatment options.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Amsterdam and Clifton Park, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.